Away boarders!
Up lads and at 'em!

This is what a captain would holler when boarding another ship. Boarding meant taking control of another ship by sending one's crew on to it to attack. Note that both "boarding" and "coming along side" (i.e. bringing a ship side-by-side with another) translate as "abordage" in French.

Charoy or charoi

The word "charoy" or "charoi" was used in French to mean a type of ship more like a big, sturdy transport vessel used in the early days of the colony. Fishermen in Newfoundland also used it for the transhipment of cod between ship and platform or for fishing along the coast. The boat was probably not unlike the type of birchbark canoe used by Aboriginal peoples in the region.

Clear the decks (for action)

This included unhooking sailors' hamacs.

Give no quarter, grant no quarter

To give or grant no quarter means to spare no lives, to kill everyone.

Man-of-war

A warship. The word "man" in the sense of ship is only used in combination with other words (another example is "merchantman") and first appeared in English in the 15th century. As with "man" meaning "male person," the plural is formed with -en: "men-of-war," "merchantmen."

Naval impressment, press-gang

Expression denoting the semi-forcible hiring of sailors for privateering.

Packet boat

A packet boat was a type of vessel for carrying merchandise. The word "packet" comes from the French "paquet," and "packet boat" was borrowed back into French as "paquebot."

Pickarooning

Apparently a variation of the expression "pickaroony," meaning "stubborn."

Seillot, seilleau or seillau

In French, an old word for "seau" (bucket), still in use today in seamanship-and in Quebec French, in the pronunciation of "seau!"

Stuff

Any of a variety of fatty substances used to coat a ship to clean it and make it cut the water better.

To be hove-to/to lie to

To be almost at (come almost to) a standstill, with the ship's head as near the wind as possible. This is a dangerous position to be in if the sea is running high.

To take one's share of the booty

"Booty" refers to goods of all kinds taken from a captured ship. One portion was claimed by the ruler, another by the outfitter. After these dues were paid, privateers then split the remaining booty among themselves.

Vagrant

Adventurer, person not having any connection to the Lord. Person devoid of any fixed social status.

Victuals

Term for the provisions required on board a ship.